Denying the Antecedent as a Legitimate Argumentative Strategy: A Dialectical Model
نویسندگان
چکیده
The standard account of denying the antecedent (DA) is that it is a deductively invalid form of argument, and that, in a conditional argument, to argue from the falsity of the antecedent to the falsity of the consequent is always fallacious. In this paper, we argue that DA is not always a fallacious argumentative strategy. Instead, there is a legitimate usage of DA according to which it is a defeasible argument against the acceptability of a claim. The dialectical effect of denying the antecedent is to shift the burden of proof back to the original proponent of a claim. We provide a model of this non-fallacious usage which is built upon pragmatic models of argumentation. Résumé: On décrit typiquement comme non valide et toujours fallacieux tout raisonnement dans lequel on infère la négation du conséquent d’une proposition conditionnelle à partir de la négation de son antécédent (NA). J’avance dans cet article que ce raisonnement n’est pas toujours une stratégie argumentative fallacieuse. Il y a un usage légitime de NA selon lequel il est un argument réfutable contre l’acceptabilité d’un énoncé. L’effet dialectique de NA est de renvoyer la charge de preuve à la personne qui a premièrement avancé l’énoncé. J’emploie des cas exemplaires d’argumentation pragmatique pour décrire un modèle de cet usage non fallacieux. © Informal Logic Vol. 24, No. 3 (2004): pp. 219-243
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